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This is the first installment in a series of articles to provide the beginner with an introduction to jazz. -ed
You want to know jazz? Perhaps you don't know where to start. If you
want to know jazz, there's one album you need to know, and it's the
perfect starting place to get into the genre. You need look no further
than Miles Davis and a little
album titled Kind of Blue. A
Columbia Records release from 1959, it features Davis on trumpet, Julian "Cannonball" Adderley on
alto saxophone, John Coltrane
on tenor saxophone, Bill Evans
on piano, Paul Chambers on
bass, and Jimmy Cobb on the
drums. If you don't already have it, go to your local record store,
find the jazz section, and there's likely going to be a CD of it there
somewhere. Buy it, bring it home, and listen to it. Don't do anything
else - just listen. Close your eyes if you have to, but surely
listen... all together, it's soothing, exciting and thought-provoking.
How does it make you feel? That's jazz.
Music -- any music -- is built upon 3 basic principles, to put it in
very simple terms. They are melody, harmony, and rhythm. Jazz is no
different. Melody is the tune. Harmony, the chord structure or the
scale. Rhythm is the backbone that holds everything together. In a jazz
ensemble, the "rhythm section" consists of the drums, bass, and piano.
In larger ensembles, sometimes a guitar is thrown in there, too, as are
other percussion instruments. The rhythm section provides the
foundation that the other instruments can build upon.
But what makes something jazz and not just some music you make up as
you go along? It's a feel and a sound. Jazz uses certain chord
structures or scales for sound, and it relies on playing style to get
that "jazzy" feel. It's laid back, but not lazy. A jazz tune is
different every time you play it, but it has enough sameness built into
the structure that the tune is recognizable every time. People who know
how to play jazz have command over the music - they know it inside and
out, and use that to their advantage. On Kind of Blue, it's a team effort,
everything coming together so beautifully. The way Miles Davis
gracefully flows from note to note in the tune "Flamenco Sketches"
sounds effortless, like it's easy. He knows it so well that he doesn't
have to think about it anymore. Of course, some would argue that the
concept of shifting from following chord progressions to using modal
scales makes jazz itself easier, but that's a lesson for another time.
The fourth tune on Kind of Blue
is "All Blues," a Miles Davis composition. The melody is simple --
there's barely one there. And yet, the tune as a whole is genius. Davis
takes the simple melody and the basic chord progression and runs with
it, turning it into a classic. The improvised solos climb in intensity
and relax, giving the tune the feel of a plot, like the music means
something. It's so much more than a simple melody. Each player takes
turns on the solos, each telling their version of the story. Coltrane
is a rich storyteller, with a thick, full sound. Bill Evans goes for
the laid-back feel, but not in such a way that makes it seem like he
doesn't care -- he's laid-back with passion. Eventually they all come
back for the head -- playing the melody again from the top. The solos
are over, but the laid-back feel of Evans' solo remains as Davis plays
the melody, and Coltrane and Adderley back him up with the harmony. The
tune fades out, with Davis just doodling around on a few of the last
chords, his saxophone backup still chugging away. The story comes to a
close.
To the untrained ear, jazz doesn't always make sense. Kind of Blue is a good place to
start sorting it out in your mind. It's a very accessible album, very
easy to listen to. The people you hear are all-stars. It's a good
introductory album, but also a staple of any aficionado's record
collection. Good jazz will stay with you forever. There's enough
variety built into every track to keep you coming back for more, to
hear what you missed the last time, to learn every chord and every
minuscule dissonance. Kind of Blue
will never get old.
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